Hair are protective appendages on the body. They remain on one or other part of body from the time of birth to death. People who carry luxuriant and lustrous hair are regarded as young and beautiful. Hair is derived from surface ectoderm of the skin.
Review Of plants Used In Hair Care
INTRODUCTIONHair are protective appendages on the body. They remain on one or other part of body from the time of birth to death. People who carry luxuriant and lustrous hair are regarded as young and beautiful. Hair is derived from surface ectoderm of the skin. At the site where a hair follicle is to form, the germinal layer of epidermis proliferates to form a cylindrical mass that grows down into the dermis. The lower end of this down growth becomes expanded and is invaginated by a condensation of the mesoderm, which forms the papilla. The hair itself is formed by proliferating germinal cells overlying the papilla. As the hair grows to the surface, the cells forming the wall of the down growth surround it; a typical hair follicle is formed. A hair has a root ( bulb and knob), a shaft and a tip. The portion of hair which lies in the follicle is known as the root hair. It is surrounded by loose connective tissue known as root sheath. The root lies in the dermis. The shaft grows from it and project outside the skin. The distal end of the shaft is known as the hair tip.
Hair consists of three zones: cuticle, cortex and medulla. The cuticle is the outer zone consisting of scales and forms a certain characteristic pattern. The scales are flattened with serrated edges and surround the shaft completely forming a coronal pattern. The cortex is the middle zone of varying thickness and consists of longitudinal keratin fibres and varying amounts of pigments. The size, shapes, distribution and density of the pigment granules along the shaft determine the colour of the hair. The medulla is the inner zone known as the medullary canal the centra shaft. The root hair has the appearences similar to that of shaft except that it is enlarged in the form of bulb or knob. Keratin is collagenous fibrous protein that makes hair. It is found as coiled coil of a-helices. The amino acid such as glycine, alanine, valine, aspartic acid, leucine, praline, cystine, glutamic acid arginine and lysine occur to the extents of 1, 4, 3, 13, 15, 7, 10 and 3% in keratine protein, respectively.
Melanin is the principle pigment responsible for the colour of human hair, and acts as filter that decreases the harmful effects of ultraviolet light providing protection against environmentally induced premature aging. It is a polymer formed by the oxidation of tyrosine by tyrosinase to dihydrophenylalanine (DOPA) within melanocytes. The chemical units which predominate these melanin are of the indole type, formed from tyrosine, stop working, and as a result hair turn white. The hair seems grey when white hair are seen against the still-pigmented dark hair. Hair colour and texture are racial characteristics and genetically determined. The yellow-brown mongol race has black straight hair. The negroids have black, curly hair andcaucasoids have fair, brown, red or black hair. 1
Hair Growth Cycle
Hair on our scalps grows about.3-.4 mm/day or about 6 inches per year. This hair growth and loss is completely random - and is not seasonal or cyclic. At any given time, a random number of hairs will be in various stages of growth and shedding. There are three stages of hair growth which is important to know about. These are called: anagen (growth phase), catagen (transtional phase), telogen (resting phase).
Anagen - Anagen is the active phase of the hair (hair which is living and growing). The cells in the root of the hair are dividing rapidly. A new hair is formed and pushes the club hair up the follicle and eventually out. During this phase the hair grows about 1 cm every 28 days. Scalp hair stays in this active phase of growth for 2-6 years. Some people have difficulty growing their hair beyond a certain length because they have a short active phase of growth. On the other hand, people with very long hair have a long active phase of growth. The hair on the arms, legs, eyelashes, and eyebrows have a very short active growth phase of about 30-45 days explaining why they are so much shorter than scalp hair. Hair loss occurs when anagen is interrupted by certain medications (e.g. anti-cancer drugs), or by the 'autoimmune' disease, alopecia areata. Anagen hair is tapered or broken-off.
Catagen - The catagen phase is a transitional stage and 3% of all hairs are in this phase at any time. This phase lasts for about 2-3 weeks. During this time growth stops and the outer root sheath shrinks and attaches to the root of the hair. This is the formation of what is known as a club hair.
Telogen - Telogen is the resting phase and accounts for 10-15% of all hairs. This phase lasts for about 100 days for hairs on the scalp and much longer for hairs on the eyebrow, eyelash, arm and leg. During this phase the hair follicle is completely at rest and the club hair is completely formed. Pulling out a hair in this phase will reveal a solid, hard, dry, white material at the root. About 25-100 telogen hairs are shed normally each day, generally more in autumn or winter. Excessive shedding results in telogen effluvium, often a couple of months after an event such as child-bearing, fever, an operation, weight loss or certain medications. Sometimes there appears to be no recognisable cause, and the shortened hair cycle can continue for years (chronic telogen effluvium).After the Telogen phase the cycle is complete and the hair goes back into the Anagen phase. New hair shafts form and older hair is pushed out and lost. The hair growth cycle then repeats.
Exogen - is the last phase of hair growth cycles
Exogen, or hair shedding, is the last phase of all hair growth cycles. On any given day, every human being looses about 50-150 hairs due to the exogen phase.
Exogen deals mainly with the hair shaft base and not directly with the hair follicles. The details of the exogen mechanism are poorly understood, but it certainly influences the anagen phase.
It is necessary to understand the normal cyclical process of hair re-growth which in turn will help you to understand the hair loss causes.
Normally, the cyclical process of hair growth and inactivity goes on for the over all lifespan of the individual. But some factors like harmful medications or radiation, hormones, and genetics can disturb this normal cyclical process leading to severe hair loss.
By taking good care of your hair, with proper nutrition and natural hair care products you can help your hair to be in good health.
Understand the natural cycles of hair growth and take care to maintain their structure and function without harming them.3
Effects of age
About 70% of men above the age of 50 years face balding and graying of hair. In some, these symptoms of age arrive much earlier. The new born babies usually possess hair that are fine, soft, downy, non-pigmented, non-medullated and with smooth edged flattered scales. These get slowly replaced by comparatively less fine, pigmented, non-medullated and with a more complex scale pattern. At about 14 years in the male and 13 years in female, public hair begain to appear. The axillary hair appears a year later. In the beginning, the growth of hair is sparse and its colour lighter in about one or two years , the growth of hair becomes thick and the colour darker. The sex hormone, collectively called the androgen e.g. dehydro epi-androsterone, dihydrotesterone, progesterone etc. in male, show their relationship with growth of hair in normal individuals.
The growth of hair at eyebrows and eyelashes are not dependent on androgen. While axillary and public hair are sensitive to the small amount of androgen secreted by the adrenal glands, hair in these regions therefore, grows approximately equally in men and women. Hair begins to appear on the chin and upper lip of males between 16-18 years. Baldness of scalp is not of much value nor the graying of hair, except in a general way. Graying starts on the scalp at about forty years first at the temples, followed later by the beard and moustaches and still later the chest. Axillary and public hair never turn grey before fifty to sixty years. As the age advance, scalp hair become less dence in the male and there is loss of axillary hair in the female. The age at which a person ‘s hair turns grey is largely decided by heredity. But premature loss of pigment in adults may be caused by variety of other factors, including illness, certain drugs and shock and it is irreversible. However, if hair turns white in childhood, it can be a result of malfunction in the body and medical advice is called for. Vigorous brushing can cause hair splits, breaks or uprooting. Washing of hair is essential for clean hair with a healthy sheen.
Protein energy malnutrition and parasitic diseases bring out structural changes in the hair. Dandruff is caused by infection of Pityrosporum ovale. Any inflammatory or destructive diseases of the skin on scalp may destroy hair follicles in its wake. Thus, burns, heavy X –ray irradiation, or ringworm infection and similar other events may cause a scarring alopecia. Alopecia may be patchy and localized or extensive when the scalp is diseased. Ringworm of the scalp is caused by fungal infection and is most common in children. The disease causes oval areas of baldness covered with short, broken- off lustrous hair stumps. Premature hair loss or baldness in men is genetically determined and requires adequate levels of circulating androgens for expression. Baldness in women occurs only in old age. Hair is also lost due to the infection of lice.1
Aims and objective
The knowledge of about the use of plants in hair care lies scattered in the various treaties of Ayurveda, Siddha, Tibetan and Unani system of medicine. By doing literature survey of ancient books based on traditional system of medicine an attempt has been made here to enhance the beauty of hair and to treat a daily hair disease i.e. dandruff by using plants traditionally used in ancient times. It is hoped that the information being made available here will help common people to make remedies themselves from readily available plant materials and industrialists to produce hair care goods and incite some research towards improvement of hair care recipes.
Plants Commonly Used in Hair Care
Sr. Botanical name Common name Family
No
1. Acacia arabica Kikar . Mimosaceae
2. Acacia concinna Shikakai Mimosaceae
3. Arctium lappa Burdock Compositae
4. Arnica montana Arnica Compositae
5. Betula pendula Birch Betulaceae
6. Calendula officinalis Marigold Compositae
7. Carthamus tinctorious Safflower Compositae
8. Centella asiatica Brahmi Umbelliferae
9. Cocos nucifera Nariyal Palmae
10. Cydonia oblonga Bihi Rosaceae
11. Eclipta alba Bhangra Compositae
12. Haematoxylon camp Patang Leguminosae
13. Juglans regia Akhrot Jugiandaceae
14. Lawsonia inermis Mehendi Lythraceae
15. Morus alba Shatoot Moraceae
16. Nardostachys jatamansi Jatamansi Valerianaceae
17. Phyllanthus embelica Amla Euphorbiaceae
18. Pilocarpus jaborandi Jaborandi Rutaceae
19. Pterocarpus indicus Narra Leguminosae
20. Rubia tinctorum Bacho Rubiaceae
21. Sapindus mukorrossi Ritha Sapindaceae
22. Saussurea lappa Kust Compositae
23. Sesamum indicum Til Padaliaceae
24. Terminalia belerica Bahera Combretaceae
25. Thymus serpyllum Banajwain Labiatae
26. Tinospora cordifolia Giloe Menispermaceae
27. Trigonella foenugraecum Methi Leguminosae
28. Urtica dioica Stinging nettle Urticaceae
Causes and Remedies of Greying of hair, Baldness and Alopecia:
Greying of Hair and Baldness
Hair spring from the true skin, with a root and a stem. The sebaceous glands open into the follicles of the hair and if there is a malfunctioning of these glands, there is dryness of hair. Over active sebaceous glands tend to make the hair only to which dust and grime have a tendency to stick making them look unkempt and unruly.
The varying tint of the hair is due to the pigment scattered in varying amounts throughout the hair and white hairs are produced if there are numerous air spaces throughout the cells composing them. The hair grow at the rate of 15 centimeters or about 6 inches a year. But in most persons the hairs have a tendency to fall when they reach a particular length, new hair grow from the papilla of the old hairs which have fallen off.
There is a tendency of the hair to lose their natural colour with advancing age. If the hair turn grey with, it is but natural, but premature graying is a morbid condition, the causative factors of which include chronic cold, sinusitis and a constitution given to indulgence in emotions like anger and passion. Worry and sudden shock are also precipitating factors. People who are in the habit of washing their hair with hot water or women who use hair dryers are more prone to suffer from premature graying of the hair than others.2
Greying of Hair
Causes
Lake of care of the hair tendency to wash them with hot water or to dry them electric dryers which emit a blast of hot air, are some of the precipitation factores. Hairdyes used in the earlier stages also accentuate the process of graying. Chronic cold being one of the causative factors must be first dealt with if there is premature graying of hair. Factors made hair oils tend to strengthen the tendency of premature graying.
Remedies
A vigorous rubbing of the scalp after washing the hair with cold water should be adopted. The fingers should be used to rub the scalp vigorously till the scalp starts to tingle with the heat. It will activate the sebaceous glands and also energise the circulation of blood in the affected area of the skin making the hair grow healthy. If the hair have started falling, the tendency would be checked. As for internal remedies the best is Giloya and Gokhroo taken in equal parts and mixed with honey. One teaspoonful doses should be taken thrice a day. An Ayurvedic remedy highly recommended for premature graying of hair is Bhirngaraja (Eclipta alba) two parts Black Seasame seeds one part and Amla- one part, ground into a fine powder and one teaspoonful of the powder taken with milk and sugar twice daily for some weeks.
Or, old Mandur, Amla and Jaba (Hibiscus Rosa sinesis) flowers in equal quantities should be ground into paste and paste applied on the head. When it has dried, the hair should be washed with water in which Amla has been soaked overnight.
Another paste recommended for premature graying is to take Amla 2 parts, Harde 2 parts, and old Mandur 2 ½ parts and grind them into a fine powder. A spoonful of the powder should be wetted with water in which Amla has been soaked overnight. The paste kept in an iron vessel overnight is to be applied to the hair in the morning. When the paste is dry, oil should be applied to the hair and then paste washed off with cold water.2
Baldness
Causes
The causative factors of baldness are almost the same as these which contribute to premature greying of hair. It may be due to serious diseases like myxodema, syphilis, influenza. Premature baldness is generally hereditary and not much can be done to cure. Of course early action can be taken when the hair start falling off and the evil day call be postponed by some months or even years. Eczema of the scalp also leads to baldness in some
If baldness is due to any of the serious diseases mentioned above medication should start the moment falling of hair is noticed. A nafuropathic cure is to dry the hair
with friction, i.e. rub the head with the tip of fingers till the hair is completely dry. The drugs recommended for premature greying would help in staying the falling of hair which leads to baldness, but early action is of the vital importance. Once the hair fallen and their follicles have closed nothing can be done. Those who attach their hair much cosmetic value may wear wings.
Remedies
Oil in which mangoes have preserved for one year should be rubbed on the scalp. Or 50 grams of leaves of Tamarish(Farash) should be ground and made into pellets. The pellets should then be burnt in boiling Mustard oil.the oil should then be decanted and used for massaging the bald patches. Another expedient is to grind the remains of the tobacco smoked in a hookah in Mustard oil and use it for massaging the scalp. Or, five tolas of Kaner (Oleander) leaves should be burnt in 250 ml of mustard oil, the oil cleaned and used for massaging.2
Alopecia (Baldness in Patches)
Causes
Alopecia Areata, or patchy baldness, is common on the scalp, but may affect hair all over the body. It occurs mostly among adolescents and young adults. It is considered to be an infective condition, but is not infectious. Some medical authorities believe it to be caused by disturbance of the nervous system. In some cases, it appears to be concomitant of some diseases of the teeth, throat or eye. With proper treatment the bald patches again grow hair. The following remedies are recommended for this condition.
Remedies
Two or three cloves of Garlic should be ground together with a pinch of Collyrium and applied to the hairless patch, if there is a any imitation, butter should be smeared over the patch. Or, few grains of Potassium Permanganate should be dissolved in a few drops of water and applied to the bald patch a few times in a day. It should be continued for some days. Alternatively, the tender leaves of the Caper berry(Karer) should be ground into paste and applied.
The bald patch should be washed with juice of Amla and a cut made with a razor or scalpel sothat a little blood flows out. Finely powered salmiac mixed with butter should be rubbed into the spot.or, some curdled milk(Dahi) put in a copper vessel without any coating of tin should be ground with stave made of neem wood at the end of which a copper coin may fixed. When repeated churning turns the curdled milk green, it should be applied to the hairless patch for a few days.2
MEDICINAL PLANTS USED IN HAIR GROWTH PROMOTION :
1. ABRUS
Common Name : Gunjaa
Jequirity
B. S.: Abrus precatorius Linn.
Family : Papilionaceae
Parts used : Leaves , roots , seeds
Chemical Constituents : Lectin abrin , isolations
Uses : In baldness , dandruff , other hair diseases.
Also used for Alopecia.4
2.ALOE
Common Name : Indian Aloe
Barbados Aloe
B.S. : Aloe barbadensis Mill
Family : Liliaceae
Parts used : Leaf , juices
C.C. : Alocin , glucose , galactose , mannose
Uses : In Shampoo as hair smoothner 5
3. BETULA
Common Name : Indian paper Birch
Bhojapatra
B.S. : Betula utilis D. Don
Betula bhojapatra wall
Family : Betulaceae
Parts used : Leaves
C.C. : Betulin , fupeol , oleanolic acid , betulic acid
Uses : In treatment of hair loss and dandruff 6
4. CEDRUS
Common Name : Deodar , Himalayan Cedar
B.S. : Cendrus deodara ( Roxb.) Loud
Family : Pinaceae
Parts used : Heartwood , Oleo resin , oil
C.C. : Alpha and gamma – atlantone , P- mrthy 1-3-
tetrahydroacetophenone .
Uses : As a hair oil for baldness 7
5. CANNABIS
Common Name : Indian Hemp
Marijuana
B.S.: Cannabis sativa L.
Family: Cannabinaceae
Parts used: Leaf
C.C: Volatile oil , α , β – ocimene , Myrcene
Uses: Leaves juices used in treatment of removing dandruff 8
6. COLCHICUM
Common Name : Meadow saffron
B.S. : Colchicum dutumnale Linn.
Family : Colchicaceae
Parts used : Corm
C.C. : Colchicine , clolchicoside
deacetymethy 1 - colchicine
Uses : Used in treatment of hair –loss 9
.
7. DATURA
Common Name : Thorn apple
B.S. : Daters alba Nees
Datura stramonium Linn
Family : Solanaceae
Parts used : seed
C.C. : Daturadiol , daturaolone ,
nor – byoscine , apohyoscine
Uses : Seed oil in alopecia , in folling hair and in cutaneous
affections of the scalp 10
8. ECLIPTA
Common Name : Trailing Eclipta Plant
Kesbaraoja
B.S. : Eclipta alba Hask
Family : Asteraceae
Parts used : Whole plant
C.C. : Stigmasterol
Β- amyrin , heptacosanol
Uses : Gives natural colour to gray hair ,
in hair growth treatment 11
9. EMBLICA
Common Name : Myrobalan
Aamlaa
Indian Gooseberry
B.S. : Emblica officinalis Gaertn
Family : Euphorbiaceae
Parts used : Fruit
C.C. : Glucogallin ,
Vitamin-c, corilagin,
Ellagic acid, quercetin
Uses : In hair growth .
Used for retarding graying and for dyeing grey hair.
Oil used in falling of hair as a hair tonic.12
10. EUPHORBIA
Common Name : Holy Milk Hedge,
Katuparni
B.S. : Euphorbia thomsoniana Boiss
Family : Euphorbiaceae
Parts used : Latex , root
C.C. : Isoquinoline alkaloid
Uses : Used in detergent for washing hair 13
11. EUPHORBIA
Common Name : Holy milk Hedge
B.S. : Euphorbia thymifolia Linn
Family : Euphorbiaceae
Parts used : Latex , root
C.C. : Epitaraxerol , cuphorbol,
Quercetin -3- beta - galactoside
Uses : In treatment of dandruff 14
12. GLYCYRRHIZA
Common Name : Liquorice , Licorice
B.S. : Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn.
Family : Papilinaceae
Parts used : Root
C.C. : Glycyrrhizin,
Polysaccharides , coumarins ,
Sterols , asparagin
Uses : In hair oil formulation as a tonic for retarding graying of
hair
Promoting hair growth 15
13. HEDYCHIUM
Common Name : Spiked Ginger Lily
B.S. : Hedychium spicatum Buch-Ham
Family : Zingiberaceae
Parts used : Rhizome , leaves
C.C. : Cineul , limonene,
beta – phellandrene, Linalool
Uses : Used for disinfecting the scalp and for promoting hair
Growth 16
14. HIBISCUS
Common Name : Shoe – flower plant
B.S. : Hibiscus rosa – sinensis Linn
Family : Malvaceae
Parts used : Flower
C.C: Quercetin - 3- diguocoside, beta- sitosterol ,
Malvalic acids
Uses : As a hair tinic for retarding premature graying of hair
Used for blackening of hair. 17
15. HYPERICUM
Common Name : Klamath weed
B.S. : Hypericum perforatum Linn
Family : Hypericaceae
Parts used : Whole plant
C.C. : Hypericin , pseudohypericin ,
quercitrin , rutin, hyperforin
Uses : Used as a hair restorer. 18
16. INDIGOFERA
Common Name: Indian Indigo,Wasma
B.S. : Indigofera tinctoria Linn
Family : Papilionaceae
Parts used: leaves
C.C.: Apigenin, kaempferol, luteolin, quercetin
Uses: Leaves are used in hairdyes for giving natural colour to
grey hair
Used in hair growth promotion
Also used in baldness. 19
17. JASMINUM
Common Name: Spanish jasmine
B.S: Jasminum grandiflorum Linn
Family: Oleaceae
Parts used: Leaves, flowers,
C.C.: Benzyl alcohol, benzyl benzoate, eugenol, linalool,
geraniol
Uses: As a hair oil in alopecia, baldness. 20
18. LAWSONIA
Common Name: Henna
B.S: Lawsonia inermis Linn
Family: Lythraceae
Parts used: Leaves, seeds
C.C.: Coumarins, napthaquinines, sterols,
Uses: Used for promoting hair growth,
for dyeing grey hair
Also used as an ingredient for in hair lotion and is used to
treat dandruff. 21
19. MALLOTUS
Common Name: Kamala tree
B.S: Mallotus philippens Muell Arg.
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Parts used: Gland and hair of the fruit
C.C.: Lupeol, bergenin, sitosterol, lupeol acetate
Uses: Used as a hair oil in treatment of baldness. 22
20. MANGIFERA
Common Name: Mango
B.S: Mangifera indica Linn
Family: Anacardiaceae
Parts used: Fruits, kennel, bark, tender leaves
C.C.: Mangiferin,
ellagic acid, gallic acid,
M-digallic acid
Uses: Applied to the scalp as a treatment for dandruff.23
21. NERIUM
Common Name: Indian oleander
B.S: Nerium indicum Mill
Nerium odorum solid
Family: Apocynaceae
Parts used: Leaves, roots
C.C.: Plumericin, alpha-amyrin,
beta-sitosterol, kaempferol
Uses: Used in treatment of alopecia. 24
22. NYCTANTHES
Common Name: Night Jasmine, Coral Jasmine
B.S: Nyctanthes arbor tristis L
Family: Nyctanthaceae
Parts used: Seeds
C.C.: Beta-amyrin, beta-sitoterol,
benzoic acid, nicotiflorin, nyctanthic acid
Uses: Seeds are used in the treatment of alopecia
and dandruff. 25
23. NARDOSTACHYS
Common Name: Indian Spikenard,
Musk root, Maansi
B.S: Nardostachys jatamansi DC
Family: Valerianaceae
Parts used: Rhizomes, root
C.C.: Jatamanshic acid, jatamansone, patchouli
alcohol,
Uses: Used as a tonic for promoting growth of hair.26
24. OROXYLUM
Common Name: Indian Trumpet flowers,
Shoshana
B.S: Oroxylum indicum Vent.
Family: Bignoniaceae
Parts used: Bark, root
C.C.: Baicalein, 6, 7- glucuronides, scutellarein, aloe-emodin
Oroxindin
Uses: Paste is used in baldness and in hair falling.27 25.PANDANUS
Common Name: Screw-pine, Thatch screw-pine
Esaki
B.S: Pandanus fascicularis Lam
Family: Pandanaceae
Parts used: Flower, root
C.C.: Benzylbenzoate,
benzyl-salicylate, benzyl-acetate, geraniol, Linalool,
guaiacol
Uses: An extract of the root was applied topically for
arresting premature graying of hair. 28
26. PAPAVER
Common Name: Opium poppy Opium
White poppy
B.S: Papaver somniferum Linn.
Family: Papaveraceae
Parts used: Seed
C.C.: Morphine, Codeine
Papaverine, thebaine
Lactic acid, fumaric acid
Uses: Used as a scalp for treating dandruff. 29
27. PONGAMIA
Common Name: Indian Beech,
karanj, pongam oil tree
B.S: Pongamia pinnata (L) Merr.
Family: Papilionaceae
Parts used: Seed, bark, leaves
C.C.: Furanoflavonoids, sterols
Triterpenes, coumarones
Uses: The oil is an ingredient of a hair oil used for
Baldness. 30
28. PTEROCARPUS
Common Name: Malabar Kino tree
B.S: Pterocarpus Marsupium Roxb.
Family: Papilionaceae
Parts used: Heartwood, kino, flower
C.C.: (-) - epicatechin, return -7- glucoside,
Liqui-ritigenin, garbanzol, pterosupin,
5- deoxykaempferol
Uses: In a hair oil for retarding graying of hair. 31
29. SALIX
Common Name: Common willow
B.S: Salix alba Linn
Family: Salicaceae
Parts used: Bark, root, leaves
C.C.: Rhamnazine-3- vbeta-D-glucoside,
terniflorin, quercetin-3-o-glucoside
leucoanthocyanidins, salicortin
Uses: It takes away scruff and dandruff. 32
30. SESAMUM
Common Name: Sesame, Gingelly
B.S: Sesamum indicum Linn.
Sesamum orientale Linn.
Family: Pedaliaceae
Parts used: Seed, oil, alkaline ash
C.C.: Flavonoid, pedalin,
alpha and beta- tocopherol, sesamol
Uses: It takes away scruff and dandruff. 33
31. TRICKOSANTHES
Common Name: Pointed Gourd
B.S: Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.
Family: Cucurbitaceae
Parts used: Leaves, fruits
C.C.: Trichosanthin, colocynthin,
phytosterol, hentriacontane, trichosanic
Uses: In alopecia. 34
32.TERMINALIA
Common Name: Arjuna
B.S: Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.ex.Dc) W. & A.
Family: Combretaceae
Parts used: Bark
C.C.: Triterpene, arjungenine,
triterpene glucosides I, II, III & IV
Uses: As a hair tonic for treating graying of hair. 35
33.TERMINALIA
Common Name: Belliric Myrobalan,
Bibhitaka
B.S: Terminalia bellirica Roxb.
Family: Combretaceae
Parts used: Fruit
C.C.: Gallic, ellagic acid,
Beta-sitosterol, bellericoside
Uses: The oil of the kernel of seed was used as an
Ingredient of sushruta’s Mahaa-Nila Taila,
Prescribed for preventing premature balding and
Graying of hair. 36
34. URTICA
Common Name: Common stinging Nettle,
Roman Nettle
B.S: Urtica dioica Linn.
Urtica pilulifera Linn.
Family: Urticaceae
Parts used: Leaves
C.C.: Histamine, acetylcholine,
Betaine, choline, carotenes
Uses: Used in the dandruff. 37
35. VITEX
Common Name: Five-leaved chaste- Tree
Nirgundi
B.S: Vitex negundo Linn.
Family: Verbenaceae
Parts used: Leaves
C.C.: N- hentriacontane, N- nonacosane,
P- hydroxybenzoic acid,
5- oxyisophthalic acid
Uses: As a hair tonic for promoting growth of hair. 38
36. WITHANIA
Common Name: Winter cherry
B.S: Withania somnifera (Linn.) Dunal
Family: Solanaceae
Parts used: Root
C.C.: Nicotine, somnine, somniferine,
withanine, withananine, withasomine
Uses: Used to stop the falling of hair in females after
Delivery. 39
37. ACACIA
Common Name: Aquqia
B.S.: Acacia nilotica (L.) Del.
Family: Leguminosae
Parts used: Leaves & Fruits
C.C.: Catecol, pyrogallol, stearic acid, isoquercitrin
Uses: Used as a dye to colour the hair black.
Also gives strengthens the hair and prevent them from
falling. 40
38. KHURMA
Common Name: Dates, Khajur(India)
B.S.: Phoenix dactylifera Linn.
Family: Palmae
Parts used: Leaves & Fruits
C.C.: Sugars, carotenoids, anthocyamins, flavones
Uses: A jam prepared from khurma for a month helps the black
Colour of hair to return in cases of premature graying.41
39 MYRRH
Common Name: Murmakki(unani)
B.S.: Commiphora myrrha (Nees) Engl.
Family: Burseraceae
Parts used: Oil
C.C.: α- amyrone, Isolinalyl acetate, Lupeone
Uses: An oil of as mixed with myrrh nourishes the hair making
them thick and strong. 41
40 NEEM
Common Name: Margosa
B.S.: Azadirachta indica A. Juss
Family: Meliaceae
Parts used: Leaves, seed oil
C.C.: Azadirachtin, meliantrel, salanin
Uses: Makes the hair lustrous and black.41
41. REETHA
Common Name: Soap nut
B.S.: Sapindus mukorssi Gaertn
Family: Sapindaceae
Parts used: Fruit
C.C.: Saponin, falty acids- nonconjugated triene, diene acids
Uses: Reeta being a detergent acts as a good shampoo. It regular
Use turns the hair black and preserve their blackness.42
42. SENNA
Common Name: Sana
B.S.: Cassia angustifolia. Vahl
Family: Leguminosae
Parts used: Leaves
C.C.: Sennoside A& B.
Uses: The leaves of sana applied on hair after grinding strengthen
hair.
Also protect the hair against falling.
Used in hair blacking.42
43. SHIKAKAI
Common Name: Soap acacia
B.S.: Acacia concinna DC.
Family: Leguminosae
Parts used: Fruit
C.C.: Tartaric, oxalic, succinic acid, acacinin A&B
Uses: Used as shampoo for long hair and dandruff.42
44. BLACK CUMIN
Common Name: Shoneez, Jira
B.S.: Nigella sativa Linn.
Family: Umbelliferae
Parts used: Seed
C.C.: Cuminaldehyde, α,β- Pinene, phellandrene, cuminic
alcohol
Uses: Nigella seeda helps the hair regrow in Alopecia.
Also checks hair falling.42
45. OLIVE
Common Name: Zaitoon
B.S.: Olea europaea Linn.
Family: Oleaceae
Parts used: Oil
C.C.: Oleanolic acid, cinchonidiue maslinic acid
Uses: Effective against baldness and graying of hair
Also protect the hair against falling
Also a good remedy for dandruff.43
46. FENUGREEK
Common Name: Hulba,
Methi ( India )
B.S.: Trigonella foenugraecum Linn.
Family: Papilionaceae
Parts used: Oil, leaves
C.C.: Alkaloid Trigonelline
Uses: Oil used in strengthen the hair and removes scars.41
- Leaves are prevent the hair falling.44
47. CAMPHOR OIL
Common Name: Formosa oil of camphor
B.S.: Cinnamonum camphora
Family: Laureceae
Parts used: Oil
C.C.: Acetaldehyde, dipentene,
d- pinene, eucalyptol
Uses: Prevents heels from cracking and arrests falling hair.45
48. CEDAR WOOD
Common Name: Red cedar
B.S.: Juniperus virginiana Linn.
Family: Pinaceae
Parts used: Oil
C.C.: Monoterpenes, a- pinene,
sesquiterpenes
Uses: Arreste hair loss, dandruff, and scalp diseases.46
49. LAVENDER OIL
Common Name: Lavender
B.S.: Lavendula officinalis Chaix.
Family: Labiatae
Parts used: Oil
C.C.: Estors, linalyl acetate,
Pinene, linalool
Uses: Arreste hair falling.47
50. SAGE
Common Name: Garden sage
B.S.: Salvia officinalis Linn.
Family: Labiatae
Parts used: Oil
C.C.: Luteolin, genkwanin,
6- methoxygenkwanin, α and β - pinene
Uses: Arreste hair falling.48
51. BURDOCK
Common Name: Burdock
B.S.: Arctium lappa
Family: Compositae,
Asteracaceae
Parts used: Leaves
C.C.: Fukinone, petasitolone,
taraxasterol
Uses: Used in baldness.49
52. MARIGOLD
Common Name: Marigold
B.S.: Calendula officinalis
Family: Compositae
Parts used: Leaves
C.C.: β-sitosterol glucoside, sigmasterol glucoside,
Lupeol, α-amyrin
Uses: Used in treatment of alopecia and in hair loss.50
53. COMMON MYRTLE
Common Name: Vilayati mehndi (HINDI)
B.S.: Myrtus communis
Family: Myrtaceae
Parts used: Oil
C.C.: Limonene, linalool,
cineole, α-pinene
Uses: It strenghthen the hair.51
54. MADDER WOOD
Common Name: Vilayati afsanthin (HINDI)
B.S.: Artemisia absinthium
Family: Compositae
Parts used: Whole plant
C.C.: Epoxycimenes, artabin
Uses: used in treatment of hair loss.52
55. ALMOND
Common Name: Badam (HINDI)
B.S.: Prunus amygdalus
Family: Rosaceae
Parts used: Seed, oil
C.C.: Prunacin, sitosterol,
daucosterin
Uses: It strengthen the hair making it thicker, strong and
More lustrous.53
56. MASTIC
Common Name: Mastic tree
B.S.: Pistacia lentiscus
Family: Anacardiaceae
Parts used: Resin
C.C.: Oleanolic, oleanonic,
β-amyrin, β- amyrone
Uses: It stimulating hair growth,
Used as a lotion for hair.54
57. CHICK PEA
Common Name: Chunna (HINDI)
B.S.: Cicer arietinum
Family: Leguminosae
Parts used: Seed
C.C.: Vanillic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid
Uses: Used in hair dyes and also prevent hair falling.55
58. COMMON FIG
Common Name: Anjir (HINDI)
B.S.: Ficus carica Linn.
Family: Moraceae
Parts used: Fruit pulp
C.C.: Lactic acid, psoralen, bergapten
Uses: Useful for falling hair and dandruff.
Also used in premature hair growth.56
59. GOLDEN GRAM
Common Name: Mung (HINDI)
B.S.: Phaseolus radiatus
Family: Leguminosae
Parts used: Seed
C.C.: L-pipecolic acid, alanine, beta - sitosterol
Uses: It nourishing the hair.
It helps in blackening of hair.57
60. BANTAM
Common Name: Cabbage palm (U.S.A.)
B.S.: Serenoa repens
Family: Palmae
Parts used: Dry fruits
C.C.: Quercitrin, carotene,
Coumaric acid, linoleic acid
Uses: It used as a hair stimulant,
Also used in alopecia treatement.58
MARKET PREPARATIONS
1. Sunsilk Natural Shampoo
Ingredient : Double Aamla for Sunflower extract
Uses : Lustrous black hair,
Black shine for dull hair.
Manufacture by: Hindustan Lever Ltd.52
2. Dabur Vatica
Henna cream conditioning shampoo
Ingredients : Henna, Shikakai,
Green almond
Uses : Soft and silky hair,
Natural and gentle conditioning well nourished hair.
Manufacture by: Dabur India Ltd. 52
3. Nyle herbal
Henna conditioning shampoo
Ingredients : Henna, Shikakai,
Amla
Uses : Gives your hair natural noyrishment.
Keeping it healthy and dry.
Henna : Conditioner for dry hair.
Shikakai: Reduce hair loss and removes dandruff.
Amla : Strenghthen hair fibre,
Reduce hair loss.
Helps to keep the hair black and beautiful.
Manufacture by : Ponds Personal Care Pvt. Ltd. 52
4. Clinic Plus Ayurvedic Hair Wash
Ingredients : Each 5 ml. contains:-
- Tulsi oil (Oscimum sanctum ) - 25 mg.
- Cinnamom oil
(Cinnamomum tamala )- 10 mg.
- Neem extract
(Azadiracta indica ) - 5 mg.
Uses : Gives 100 % clean hair that get healthier with every
wash.
Neem : Antibacterial, help scalp
Tulsi : Natural germs cleanser,
Helps in maintaining natural colour of hair.
Manufacture by: Muldantra Pvt. Ltd.
Made in India. 52
5. Herbal Ved - Hair Cleanser
Ingredients : Neem + Tulsi
Each 100 ml. contains:-
- Tulsi Patra Kwath - 1.5 ml
- Neem Patra Kwath - 1.5 ml
- Manjisthadi Patra Kwath - 1.5 ml
- Aritha Patra Kwath - 1.5 ml
- Amla Patra Kwath - 1.5 ml
Manufacture by : Shree Ved Ayurvedic Pharmacy. 52
6. Marico’s Hair and Care
Ingredients : Vegetable oil,
Extract from neem and tulsi leaves.
Uses : Extract - nourish the hair
Gives light, beautiful free flowing hair even after
oiling.
Manufacture by: Marico Industies Ltd. 52
7. New Nyle Active Herbal Shampoo
Ingredients : Tulsi, Amla
Henna, Aloe
Uses : Naturally nourish and moist arise hair.
Aloe vera extract : It penetrate deep into the hair shaft and restore
much needled to it.
Manufacture by: M. G. Shahani and Co. ( Delhi ) Ltd.
Marketed by and
Trade mark owened
By : Cavinkare Private Ltd. 52
8. Herbal Powder Hair Dye
Natural Super Vasmol black Amla
Ingredients : Amla, Bhringraj,
Mahendi, Jatamansi and Jasvant
Uses : Blacken the hair without them falling.
Amla, Bhringraj: Used for revitalizing and darking hair.
Used as a hair oil and prevent dandruff.
Mahendi, Jatamansi,
Jasvant : It nourish and conditioning the hair to make it
look shine and lustrous.
Manufacture by : Hygienic Research Institute. 52
9. Godrej Nupur Henna (100 % Natural Mehendi )
Ingredients : Amla, Bhringraj,
Mahendi, Brahmi
Uses – Mehendi : Conditioner, Excellent colourant
Amla : It promoting hair growth and helps in darkening
hair.
Brahmi: It promotes hair growth.
Manufacture by : M / S Satguru Enterprise. 52
10. Dabur Amla Hair Oil
Ingredients : Amla in oil
Use: It promotes hair growth,
Also darkening hair.
Manufacture by : Dabur India Ltd.
Made in India. 52
11. Dabur Vatica Enriched ( Coconut oil )
Pure Coconut oil with Henna, Amla, Lemon
Ingredients : Each 100 ml contains :-
- Mehendi leaves ( Henna ) - 0.10 g
- Amla dru fruit - 0.10 g
- Lemon oil - 0.005 ml
- Brahmi plant - 0.30 g
- Neem leaves - 0.30 g
- Harare dru fruit - 0.10 g
- Bahera drug - 0.10 g
- Nariyal oil - upto 100 ml
Uses : Ensure deep oil penetration to give hair and scalp
complete nourishment for problem free healthy hair.
Henna : Along with other herbs coats the hair.
Protect hairs from oxidation and maintaining its
natural colour.
Amla : Strenghthen the roots of hair to help maintain their
health and natural thickness.
Lemon : Astringent action of lemon controls sebum flow
helping to prevent dandruff. 52
12. Black Rose - hair colour Burgandi 6.7.
Ingredient : Natural Henna,
Amla,
Shikakai
Uses : Black rose unveils and exclusive usage of henna
based natural hair colour to enhance your natural
looks safely and gently.
- This perfect blend of Henna, Amla, Shikakai and
other herbs adds extra softness and luster to your
Hair and leaves it smooth and silky.
- Giving long lasting protection and a better grey
coverage.
Email at :- henna @ vsnl. com 52
13. Pure Maka Mahabhringraj Oil
Ayurvedic Medicine
Ingredient : Each 100 gm contains :-
- Coconut oil 50 %
- Sesame oil ( Til ) 50 %
- Eclipta oil 20 g
- Bacopa monniera 10 g
- Terminalia chebula 1 g
- Terminalia belerica 1 g
- Emblica officinalis 1 g
- Cyprus rotundus 1 g
- Kachora 1 g
- Psoralia corylifolia 1 g
- Nardostachys jatamansi 250 mg
- Hedychium spicatum 250 mg
- Rosa centifolia 250 mg
- Vetiveria quizanoids 250 mg
Uses : Stops graying, falling, whitening of hair.
- Cure dandruff. As a hair tonic.
14. Parachut Jasmine Perform Non – Sticky Coconut Hair Oil
Ingredients : - Coconut oil
- Perfumed hair oil
Use : Healthy and beautiful hair.
Manufacture by : Marico Industries Ltd.
List of plants according to disorder of hair
A. DRUGS USED IN ALOPECIA :-
SR.
NO. NAME OF DRUG BIOLOGICAL SOURCEPARTS
USED
1.AbrusAbrus precatorius Linn.Leaves
2.DaturaDatura alba Nees Seed
3.JasmineJasminum grandiflorum Linn.Leaves, flower
4.Nerium Mill.Leaves
5.NyctanthesNyctanthes arbor- tristis L.Seeds
6.TrichosanthesTrichosanthes dioica Roxb.Leaves
7.Black cuminNigella sativa Linn.Seed
8.MarigoldCalendula officinalisLeaves
9.BantamSerenoa repensDried fruits
B. DRUGS USED IN DANDRUFF :-
SR.
NO. NAME OF DRUG BIOLOGICAL SOURCEPARTS
USED
1.AbrusAbrus precatorius Linn. Leaves
2.BetulaBetula utilis D.Don.Leaves
3.CannabisCannabis sativa L. Leaves
4.EuphorbiaEuphorbia thymifolia Linn.Root
5.LawsoniaLawsonia inermis Linn.Seed, Leaves
6.MangiferaMangifera indica Linn.Fruit, Tender leaves
7.NyctantesNyctanthes arbor- tristis L.Seed
8.PapaverPapaver somniferum Linn.Seed
9.SalixSalix alba Linn.Roots, Leaves
10.UrticaUrtica dioica Linn. Leaves
11.ShikakaiAcacia concinna DC.Fruit
12.OliveOlea europaea Linn.Oil
13.Cedar wood Juniperus virginianaOil
14.AnjirFicus carica Linn.Fruit pulp
C. DRUGS USED IN BALDNESS :-
SR.
NO. NAME OF DRUG BIOLOGICAL SOURCEPARTS
USED
1.AbrusAbrus precatorius Linn.Leaves
2.CedrusCedrus deodara (Roxb) LoudOil, Resin
3.IndigoferaIndigofera tinctiria Linn. Leaves
4.JasmineJasminum grandiflorum Linn.Leaves, Flower
5.MallotusMallotus philippensis (Lam.) Muell. Arg.Gland of the fruit
6.OroxylumOroxylum indicum Vent.Leaves
7.PongamiaPongamia pinnata (L.) Merr.Seed and Leaves as a Oil
8.TerminaliaTerminalia bellirica Roxb.Fruit
9.OliveOlea europea Linn.Oil
10.BurdockArctium lappaLeaves
D. DRUGS USED IN HAIR-LOSS, HAIRSTRENGTHENING,
GREYING OF HAIR AND AS A HAIR – SMOOTHENER :-
SR.
NO. NAME OF DRUG BIOLOGICAL SOURCEPARTS
USED
1.AloeAloe barbadensis Mill.Leaf juices
2.BetulaBetula utilis D. Don.Leaves
3.ColchicumColchicum autumnale Linn.Corm
4.DaturaDatura alba Nees.Seed
5.EcliptaEclipta alba HaskWhole plant
6.EmblicaEmblica officinalis GaertnFruit
7.EuphorbiaEuphorbia thomsoniana Boiss.Latex, Roots
8.GlycyrrhizaGlycyrrhiza glabra Linn.Roots
9.HedychiumHedychium spicatum Buch-HamLeaves
10.HibiscusHibiscus rosa- sinesis Linn.Flower
11.HypericumHypericum perforatum Linn. Whole plant
12.IndigoferaIndigofera tinctoria Linn.Leaves
13.LawsoniaLawsonia inermis Linn.Leaves, Seeds
14.NardostachysNardostachys jatamansi. DC.Roots, Rhizomes
15.OroxylumOroxylum indicum VentLeaves
16.PandanusPandanus fascicularis Lam.Flower, Root
17.PterocarpusPterocarpus marsupium Roxb.Heartwood, Flowers
18.SesamumSesamum indicum Linn.Seed, Oil
19.TerminaliaTerminalia arjunaBark
20.VitexVitex negundo Linn.Leaves
21.WithaniaWithania somnifera (Linn.) DunalRoot
22.AcaciaAcacia nilotica (L.) Del.Leaves, Fruits
23.KhurmaPhoenix dactylifera Linn.Leaves, Fruits
24.MyrrhCommiphora myrrh (Nees.) Engl.Oil
25.NeemAzadirachta indica A. JussLeaves, Seed oil
26.ReethaSapindus mukorossiFruit
27.SennaCassia angustifolia Vahl.Leaves
28.OliveOlea europaea Linn.Oil
29.FenugreekTrigonella foenumgraecum Linn.Oil
30.Camphor oilCinnamonum camphoraOil
31.Cedar woodJuniperus virginiana Linn.Oil
32.Lavender oilLavandula officinalis Linn.Oil
33.SageSalvia officinalis Linn.Oil
34.Common MyrtleMyrtus communisOil
35.Madder woodArtemisia absinthiumWhole plant
36.BadamPrunus amygdalusSeed & Oil
37.Mastic treePistacia lenticusResin
38.Chick PeaCicer arientiumSeed
39.AnjirFicus carica Linn.Fruit pulp
40.MungPhaseolus radiatusSeed