ABOUT THE BOOK: In a broad sense, pharmacognosy embraces a knowledge of the history, distribution, cultivation, collection, selection, preparation, commerce, identification, evaluation, preservation, and use of drugs and economic substances affecting the health of man and other animals.
ABOUT THE BOOK: In a broad sense, pharmacognosy embraces a knowledge of the history, distribution, cultivation, collection, selection, preparation, commerce, identification, evaluation, preservation, and use of drugs and economic substances affecting the health of man and other animals. Such economic substances extend beyond the category of crude drugs and their derivatives and include a variety of commercial products: allergens, allergenic extracts, antibiotics, immunizing biologicals, flavoring agents, condiments, beverages, insecticides, rodenticides, and herbicides. In a restricted sense, the definition of pharmacognosy implies a particular knowledge of methods of identification and evaluation of drugs.
The present book is an attempt to provide overall information to the readers interested in pharmacognosy. The important chapters are History, Origin of Pharmacognosy, Definition, Scope and Future Trends in Pharmacognosy, Classification of Crude Drugs, Traditional System of Medicine, Collection and Processing of Crude Drugs, Plant Hormones/ Growth Regulators, Plant Tissue Culture: Principles and Methodology, Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, Drug Evaluation and Adulteration, General Methods Associated with Phytochemical Investigation of Herbal Products, Basic Metabolic Pathways and the Origin of Secondary Metabolites, Hellucinogenic, Teratogenic, Allergic and Other Toxic Plants, Pesticides from Natural Origin, Tumour Inhibitors from Plants, Drugs Containing Carbohydrates, Drugs Containing Alkaloids, Drugs Containing Tannins, Drugs Containing Volatile Oils, Drugs Containing Lipids (Fixed Oils, Fats and Waxes), Drugs Containing Resins, Drugs Containing Glycosides, Enzymes and Protein Drugs, Traditional Medicinal Plants, Ayurvedic Pharmacy, Fibres, Surgical Dressing and Sutures, Marine Drugs, World Wide Trade in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Derived Products, Appendix: 1. Chemical Tests for Plant Constituents, 2. List of Crude Drugs, Glossary, References and Subject Index.
List of Pharmacognosy TextBooks |
Sr. No. | Books Name | Author Name |
1 | Pharmacognosy and Pharmaco biotechnology | Ashutosh Kar |
2 | Trease and Evans Pharmacognosy | Evans, W.C. |
3 | Pharmacognosy | Kokate, C.K A and Purohit, A.P |
4 | Practical Pharmacognosy | Gokhale, S.B and Kokate, C.K |
5 | Text book of Pharmacognosy | T.E.Wallis |
6 | Pharmacognosy and Pharmacobiotechnology | Kar, Ashutosh |
7 | Text book of Pharmacognosy | Mohammed Ali |
8 | Textbook of Industrial Pharmacognosy | Kalia, A.N |
9 | Textbook of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry | Jarald, Edwin E. and Edwin Jarald Sheeja |
10 | Shah and Qadry’s Pharmacognosy | Qadry, J.S |
11 | Text book of Pharmacognosy | Mohammed Ali |
12 | The Treatise on Indian Medicinal Plants | Chatterjee, Asima |
13 | Compendium of Indian Medicinal Plants | Rastogi, Ram |
14 | Supplement to Cultivation & Utilisation of Medicinal Plants: regional research laboratory Jammu - Tawi | Hand, S.S and Kaul, M.K |
15 | Supplement to Cultivation & Utilisation of Aromatic Plants: regional research laboratory Jammu - Tawi | Hand, S.S and Kaul, M.K |
16 | Glossary Indian Medicinal Plants: with active principles (Part-I) | Asolkar, L.V and Kakkar, K.K |
17 | Supplement Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants | Chopra, R.N and Verma, B.S. |
18 | Glossary Indian Medicinal Plants | Chopra, R.N and Nayar, S.L |
19 | Status Report on Medicinal Plants for NAM Countries | Husai, Akthar |
20 | Status Report on Aromatic and Essential Oil-Bearing Plants in NAM Countries | Husain, Akthar |
21 | Tropical Diseases | Kumar, Suhil and Sen, A.K |
22 | Techniques in Cancer Research: laboratory manual | Deo, M.G and Seshadri, R |
23 | Dictionary of The Flowering Plants in India | Santapau, H. and Henry, A.N |
24 | Taxonomy of Indian Mosses | Chopra, R.S |
25 | Handbook of Herbaria in India and Neighbouring Countries | Viswanathan, M.V and Singh, H.B |
26 | Conserving Biodiversity for Sustainable Development | Rmakrishnan, P.S |
27 | Plant food Flavours | Methani, Santosh and Ingle, P.K |
28 | Flowering Plants of Chittoor District Andhra Pradesh, India | Chetty, Madhava; Sivaji, K. and Tulasi Rao, K. |
29 | Medicinal Plants of India | Zafar, Rasheeduz |
30 | Cultivation of Medicinal Plants | Kokate, C.K. |
31 | Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry -I | Rangari |
32 | Herbal Medicine for Diseases-I | Khan, Irfan |
33 | Herbal Drug Technology | Agrawal |
AUTHOR: Vikas Anand Saharan, M. K. Moond, P. C. Chouhan & Manish K. Gupta | ISBN: 9788188826407 | YEAR: 2008 | PAGES: 499 | SIZE: 18.5 x 24 x 2.5 cm. | BINDING: Soft | LANGUAGE: English
CONTENTS:
1. History, Origin of Pharmacognosy
a) History of Pharmacognosy
2. Definition, Scope and Future Trends in Pharmacognosy
a) Scopes of Pharmacognosy
b) Future Trends of Pharmacognosy
3. Classification of Crude Drugs
a) Classifications of Drugs
i. Alphabetical Classification
ii. Biological (Taxonomical) Classification
iii. Morphological Classification
iv. Chemical Classification
v. Pharmacological Classification
4. Traditional System of Medicine
a) Introduction
b) Why Patients Use Alternative Medicine
i. Acupuncture
ii. Aromatherapy
iii. Ayurveda
iv. Chinese Herbalism
v. Diet and Nutritional Therapies
vi. Herbal Medicine
vii. Homeopathy
viii. Naturopathy
ix. Tibetan Medicine
x. Transcendental Meditation
xi. Unani System of Medicine
xii. Yoga
5. Collection and Processing of Crude Drugs
a) Collection of Medicinal Plants
i. Season
ii. Time
iii. Age of Plants
iv. Drying of Plants
b) Hazard of Contamination
i. Drug Spoilage by Biotic Factors
ii. Drug Spoilage by Moisture
c) Exogenous and Endogenous Factors Affecting Collection of Drugs
i. Temperature
ii. Rainfall
iii. Day Length
iv. Altitute
v. Propagation
d) Objective of Propagation or Cultivation
6. Plant Hormones/ Growth Regulators
a) Status and Definition
i. Other Plant Compounds which Affect Growth
ii. Other Growth Regulators
b) Quantification of Plant Hormones
c) How Hormone Acts?
d) Auxins
i. Biological Effects
ii. Agricultural Uses of Auxins
e) Gibberellins
i. Biological Effects
ii. Mechanism of Action ofGA
iii. Physiological Effects and Practical Applications of Gibberellins
f) Cytokinins
i. Biological Effects
ii. Mode of Action ofCytokinin
iii. Physiological Effects of Applied Cytokinins
iv. Practical Uses of Cytokinins
g) Ethylene
i. Biosynthesis of Ethylene
ii. Biochemical Action
iii. Biological Effects
iv. Ethylene Related Plant Growth Regulators
h) Abscisic Acid
i. Biosynthesis of ABA
ii. Mode of Action of ABA
iii. Biological Effects
7. Plant Tissue Culture: Principles and Methodology
a) Importance of Tissue Culture Technique
b) Plant Tissue Culture: Principles
c) The Concept of Totiprtency of Cells
d) Plant Tissue Culture: Methods
i. Media Preparation: Area/Room
ii. Culture Media, Washing Powder/ Liquid Detergent, Disinfectants
iii. Aseptic Transfer Chamber Area
iv. Environmentally Controlled Culture Room
v. Analytical Room
vi. Acclimatization Room
vii. Miscellaneous Items
viii. Specifications of Laboratory Equipments
e) Aseptic Technique
f) Sterilization of Plant Tissues
i. Cleaning (Preparation of Glasswares/Plastic Wares (Autoclavable)
ii. Sterilization
iii. Surfactants
iv. Control of Bacterial and Fungal Contaminants by Antibiotics in Plant Tissue Culture
g) In Vitro Environment
h) Pretreatment to Explant Tissues Prior to Culture
i. Procedure
i) Micropropagation through Organogenesis
j) Culture Media and Preparation
k) Media Components
i. Inorganic Salts
ii. Plant Growth Regulators
iii. Carbon Source
iv. Gelling Agent
v. Amino Acids and Amides
vi. Antibiotics
vii. Natural Complexes
l) Additional Requirements
i. Sterilization of Media
ii. Use and Storage of Coconut Water
m) Related Procedures
i. Ultraviolet Light
ii. Preparation of Phenol
iii. Working with 32P Labelled Compounds
iv. Silanization of Plastic and Glassware
v. Preparation of Dialysis Tubing
n) Initiation of Embryogenesis in Suspension Culture
i. Method
o) Establishment of Embryogenic Suspension Culture
i. Maturation of Embryos
p) Important Parameters for Consideration
i. Simplification of the Technique
ii. Different Causes of Failures (and Remedies)
8. Medicinal Plant Biotechnology
a) Genetics as Applied to Medicinal Herbs
i. What is Genetics
ii. Heredity
iii. Variation
iv. Problems Related with Genetics
v. Research in Genetics
vi. Genetics and its Application
b) Biotechnology and Medicinal Plant
i. The Power of Biotechnology
ii. Genetic Engineering Techniques
c) Tissue Culture Techniques
d) Germplasm Conservation (Gene Bank)
9. Drug Evaluation and Adulteration
a) Types of Crude Drug Evaluation
i. Organoleptic or Morphological Evolution
ii. Microscopic Evaluation.
iii. Chemical Evolution
iv. Physical Evolution
v. Chromatography
vi. Spectrophotometry
b) Drug Adulteration
i. Type of Adulterants
10. General Methods Associated with Phytochemical Investigation of Herbal Products
a) Introduction
b) Traditional Methods of Extraction.
i. Methods of Extraction and Isolation
c) Factors Affecting Extraction
d) General Scheme for Extraction of Fresh Plant Parts
e) Methods of Separation
f) Methods of Identification
i. Tracer Techniques
11. Basic Metabolic Pathways and the Origin of Secondary Metabolites
a) Biosynthesis and Biogenesis
i. Secondary Metabolites
ii. Significance of Biosynthesis
b) Enzymes and Genes
c) Shikimic Acid Pathway
d) Biosynthesis of Fatty Acid and Triglycerides (Compounds Derived from Acetate)
e) Biosynthesis of Isoprenoid/Terpenoid Compounds (Compounds Derived from Acetate)
f) Biosynthesis of Glycosides
g) Biosynthesis of Alkaloids
i. Alkaloids Derived from Ornithine and Lysine
ii. Alkaloids Derived from Phenylalanine and Tyrosine
iii. Alkaloids Derived from Tryptophan
iv. Alkaloids Based on a Terpene Skeleton
v. Alkaloids Derived from Dopamine
vi. Alkaloids Derived from a Nucleotide Precursor
12. Hellucinogenic, Teratogenic, Allergic and Other Toxic Plants
a) Hallucinogenic Drugs
i. Fungi
b) Lysergic Acid Derivatives
i. Lysergic Acid
ii. Morning Glory Seeds
iii. Peyote
iv. Cannabis sativa
v. Other Plants
c) Teratogenic Drugs
i. Conium
ii. Veratrum
iii. Indigofora
iv. Nicotiana
d) Natural Allergens
i. Pollens
ii. Spores
iii. Rhus Toxicodendron Species (Poison Ivy)
iv. Sesquiterpenes Lactones
e) Other Toxic Plants
i. Mycotoxin
ii. Aflatoxins
13. Pesticides from Natural Origin
a) Introduction
b) Insecticides
i. Neem (Azadirachta indicaj
ii. Anonay Guanabana, Custard Apple (Annona squamosa, A. muricata)
iii. Capsicum and Black Pepper (Capsicum annum, Piper nigrum)
iv. Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)
v. Pyrethrum (Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium)
vi. Castor Bean (Ricinus communis)
vii. Cacaute, Gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium)
viii. Garlic (Allium sativum)
c) Natural Pesticides for Virus Diseases
i. Bougainvillea (Bougainvillea spectabilisj
ii. Dahlia (Dahlia pinnataj
iii. Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba)
iv. Espinaca, Spinach (Spinacea oleraceaj
d) Non-Plant Substances Used as Insecticides
i. Chalk
ii. Mineral Oil
iii. Animal Urine
iv. Cow's Milk
e) Natural Pesticides for Fungi
i. Papaya (Carica papayaj
ii. Garlic and Onion (Allium sativum, A. cepaj
iii. Canavalia (Canavalia sp.)
f) Caution
14. Tumour Inhibitors from Plants
a) Introduction
b) Role of Plants in Cancer Treatment
c) Vinca
i. Geographical Sources
ii. Description
iii. Chemical Constituents
iv. Uses
d) Taxol
i. Biological Source.
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Description
iv. Chemical Constituents
v. Uses
e) Podophyllum
i. Geographical Source
ii. Description
iii. Chemical Constituents
iv. Uses
f) Colocynth
i. Geographical Source
ii. Description
iii. Chemical Constituents
iv. Uses
g) Colchicum
i. Geographical Source
ii. Description
iii. Chemical Constituents
iv. Uses
h) Future Development
15. Drugs Containing Carbohydrates
a) Introduction
i. Monosaccharides
ii. Disaccharides
iii. Trisaccharides
iv. Tetrasaccharides
v. Polysaccharides
vi. Oligosaccharide
vii. Uronic Acid
viii. Glucosamine
ix. Sugars
b) Identification Tests for Carbohydrates
i. Molisch's Test
ii. Iodine and Potassium Iodide Test
iii. Bial'sTest
iv. Seliwanoffs Test
v. Benedict's Test
vi. Barfoad Test
c) Honey
i. Geographical Source
ii. Collection and Preparation
iii. Description
iv. Constituents
v. Uses
vi. Adulterant
d) Starch
i. Biological Source
ii. Preparation of Starch
iii. Description
iv. Macroscopy
v. Constituents
vi. Uses
vii. Adulterants
e) Gums and Mucilages
i. Gums
16. Drugs Containing Alkaloids.
a) Definition
b) Physicochemical Properties of Alkaloids
c) Chemical Tests for Alkaloids
d) Classification of Alkaloids
e) Role of Alkaloids in Plants
f) General Scheme for Isolation of Alkaloids
g) Indole Alkaloids
i. Ergot
ii. Nux Vomica
iii. Physostigma
iv. Rauwolfia
v. Vinca
vi. Isoquinoline Alkaloids
vii. Opium
viii. Ipecacuanha
h) Quinoline Alkaloids
i. Cinchona
i) Tropane Alkaloids
i. Belladonna
ii. Hyoscyamus
iii. Stramonium
iv. Duboisia
j) Pyridine Alkaloids
i. Lobelia
k) Imidazole Alkaloids
i. Pilocarpus
l) Purine Alkaloids
i. Coffee
m) Quinazoline Alkaloids
i. Vasaka
n) Proto Alkaloids (Amino Alkaloids)
i. Ephedra
ii. Aconite
iii. Colchicum
o) Steroidal Alkaloids
i. Veratrum
ii. Ashwagandha
17. Drugs Containing Tannins
a) Introduction
b) Characteristics of Tannins
c) Classification of Tannins
i. Pseudotannins
ii. Identification Test of Tannins
d) Uses of Tannins
i. Hydrolysable Tannins
ii. Condensed Tannins
18. Drugs Containing Volatile Oils
a) Physiochemical Properties
b) Extraction of Volatile Oils
i. Terpenoids
ii. Characteristics of Umbelliferous Fruits
c) Uses of Volatile Oil
d) Identification Tests for Volatile Oils
e) Turpentine Oil
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Preparation of Turpentine Oil
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Uses
vii. Adulterants
viii. Storage
f) Peppermint Oil
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Cultivation and Collection
iv. Preparation of Peppermint Oil
v. Description
vi. Constituents
vii. Uses
g) Cinnamon
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Sources
iii. Cultivation and Collection.
iv. Macroscopy
v. Microscopy
vi. Constituents
vii. Identification Tests
viii. Uses
h) Cassia Bark
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Cultivation and Collection.
iv. Macroscopy
v. Microscopy
vi. Constituents
vii. Identification Tests
viii. Uses
ix. Substitutes and Adulterants
i) Cardamom
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Cultivation
iv. Macroscopy
v. Microscopy
vi. Constituents
vii. Uses
viii. Adulterant
j) Chenopodium Oil
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Description
iv. Constituents
v. Identification Test
vi. Uses
k) Eucalyptus Oil
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Description
iv. Constituents
v. Uses
l) Lemon Grass Oil
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Description
iv. Constituents
v. Uses
m) Lemon Peel
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Collection
iv. Macroscopy
v. Constituents
vi. Uses
n) Bitter Orange Peel
i. Biological Sources
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Collection
iv. Microscopy
v. Constituents
vi. Test
vii. Uses
viii. Substitutes and Adulterants
o) Fennel
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Cultivation and Collection
iv. Macroscopy
v. Microscopy
vi. Constituents
vii. Uses
viii. Adulterant
p) Coriander
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Collection
iv. Macroscopy
v. Microscopy
vi. Constituents
vii. Uses
viii. Adulterant
q) Dill
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Cultivation and Collection
iv. Macroscopy
v. Microscopy
vi. Constituents
vii. Uses
viii. Substitutes
r) Caraway
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Cultivation
iv. Macroscopy
v. Constituents
vi. Uses
vii. Adulterant
s) Jatamansi
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Collection and Cultivation
iv. Macroscopy
v. Microscopy
vi. Constituents
vii. Uses
viii. Adulterant
t) Anise
i. Biological Source
ii. Constituents
iii. Uses
u) Camphor
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Sources
iii. Collection
iv. Description
v. Uses
v) Pudina
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Macroscopy
iv. Constituents
v. Uses
w) Banafsha
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Macroscopy
iv. Constituents
v. Uses
x) Buchu Leaves
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Cultivation
iv. Macroscopy
v. Constituents
vi. Uses
vii. Allied Drugs
y) Clove
i. Biological Source
ii. History
iii. Geographical Source
iv. Cultivation and Collection.
v. Macroscopy
vi. Microscopy
vii. Chemical Constituents
viii. Uses
ix. Identification Tests
x. Adulterants
z) Tulsi
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Macroscopy
iv. Constituents
v. Uses
aa) Safferon
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Collection
iv. Constituents
v. Uses
bb) Nutmeg
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Collection
iv. Macroscopy
v. Constituents
vi. Uses
vii. Substitutes and Adulterants
cc) Mace
dd) Calamus
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Macroscopy
iv. Constituents
v. Uses
ee) Valerian
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Collection
iv. Macroscopy
v. Microscopy
vi. Chemical Constituents
vii. Uses
ff) Garlic
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Macroscopy
iv. Constituents
v. Uses
gg) Santonica
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Macroscopy
iv. Constituents
v. Identification Tests
vi. Uses
hh) Suassurea
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Collection
iv. Macroscopy
v. Microscopy
vi. Constituents
vii. Uses
19. Drugs Containing Lipids (Fixed Oils, Fats and Waxes)
a) Fixed Oils and Fats
i. Classification of Lipids
ii. Classification of Fats and Oils
iii. Rancidity
iv. Hydrogenated Fats
v. Analytical Parameters
vi. Identification Tests for Fats and Fixed Oils
vii. Uses
b) Waxes
c) Castor Oil
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Preparation of Castor oil
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Identification Tests
vii. Uses
d) Arachis Oil
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Preparation of Arachis Oil
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Identification Tests
vii. Uses
e) Safflower Oil
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Preparation of Safflower Oil
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Uses
f) Beeswax
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Preparation of Bees wax (Yellow)
iv. White Beeswax
v. Description
vi. Constituents
vii. Uses
viii. Adulterants
g) Chaulmoogra Oil
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Preparation of Chaulmoogra Oil.
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Uses
vii. Almond Oil
viii. Biological Source
ix. Geographical Sources
x. Preparation of Almond Oil
xi. Description
xii. Contituents
xiii. Uses
h) Corn Oil (Maize Oil)
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Preparation of Corn Oil
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Uses
i) Coconut Oil
i. Biological Source
ii. Description
iii. Constituents
iv. Uses
j) Kokum Butter
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Preparation of Kokum Oil
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Uses
k) Mustard Oil
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Description
iv. Constituents
v. Uses
l) Soya Oil
i. Description
ii. Constituents
iii. Uses
m) Shark Liver Oil
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Preparation of Shark Liver Oil
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Identification Tests
vii. Storage
viii. Uses
n) Cod Liver Oil
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Preparation of Cod Liver Oil-
iv. Description
v. Contituents
vi. Uses
o) Lanolin
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Preparation of Lanolin
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Identification Test
vii. Uses
p) Olive Oil
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Preparation of Olive Oil
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Uses
q) Linseed Oil
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Preparation of Linseed Oil
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Uses
vii. Adulterants
r) Spermaceti
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Prepararation Spermaceti
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Uses
20. Drugs Containing Resins
a) Classification of Resins
i. Resin Acids
ii. Resins Alcohols (Resinols)
iii. Resin Esters
iv. Resenes
b) Isolation of Resins
c) Ginger
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Cultivation and Collection
iv. Macroscopy
v. Microscopy
vi. Constituents
vii. Uses
viii. Adulteration
d) Turmeric
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Cultivation and Collection
iv. Macroscopy
v. Microscopy
vi. Constituents
vii. Identification Tests
viii. Uses
ix. Allied Drug
x. Galang (Rasna)
xi. Biological Source
xii. Macroscopy
xiii. Constituents
xiv. Uses
e) Colophony
i. Biological Source
ii. Grographical Source
iii. Collection
iv. Description
v. Chemical Constituents
vi. Storage
vii. Identity Tests
viii. Uses
f) Tolu Balsam
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Collection and Preparation
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Identification Test
vii. Uses
viii. Adulterants
g) Peru Balsam
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Collection and Preparation
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Uses
h) Benzoin
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Collection and Preparation
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Identification Test
vii. Uses
i) Storax
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source.
iii. Collection and Preparation
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Identification Test
vii. Uses
viii. Substitution
j) Copaiba
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Collection and Preparation
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Uses
vii. Adulterants
k) Myrrh
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Collection
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Identification Tests
vii. Uses
l) Male Fern
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Collection
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Identification Tests
vii. Uses
viii. Substitutions
m) Asafoetida
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Collection
iv. Description
v. Constituents
vi. Identification Test
vii. Uses
n) Vidang
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Macroscopy
iv. Constituents
v. Identification Test
vi. Uses
o) Indian Podophyllum
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Collection
iv. Description
v. Microscopy
vi. Constituents
vii. Identification Test
viii. Uses
ix. Toxicity
p) Cannabis
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Collection and Preparation
iv. Maroscopy
v. Constituents
vi. Identification Test
vii. Uses
viii. Marihuana (Mexican cannabis)
q) Long Pepper
i. Biological Source
ii. Geographical Source
iii. Macroscopy
iv. Constituents
v. Uses
vi. Allied Drugs
r) Capsicum
s) Kaladana
t) Jalap
u) Ipomoea
v) Colocynth
21. Drugs Containing Glycosides
a) Introduction
b) Classification
c) Identification Test of Glycosides
d) Indian Senna
e) Alexandrian Senna
f) Senega
g) Strophanthus
h) Ginseng
i) Chirata
j) Quassia
k) Thevetia
l) Cascara
m) Gentian
n) Psoralea
o) Saffron
p) Rhubarb
q) Aloe
r) Squill
s) Sarasparilla
t) Digitalis
u) Glycyrrhiza
v) Ammi
22. Enzymes and Protein Drugs
a) Enzymes
b) Protein
c) Amino Acids
23. Traditional Medicinal Plants
a) Introduction
b) History of Medicinal Plants
c) Bhilwa
d) Apamarg
e) Nirgundi (Chinese Chaste Tree)
f) Nerium (Kaner)
g) Majith
h) Kantkari
i) Chitrak
j) Tylophora
k) Baheda
l) Amla
m) Malkangni
n) Satavari
o) Shankhpushpi
p) Punarnava
q) Vasaka
r) Rasna
s) Gokhru
t) Guggal
u) Kalijiri
v) Bach
w) Lehsun
x) Brahmi
y) Palash
z) Gaduchi
24. Ayurvedic Pharmacy
a) Asava and Arista
b) Avleha
c) Churna
d) Bhasma
25. Fibres, Surgical Dressing and Sutures
a) Fibres
b) Animal Fibres
c) Plant Fibers
d) Flax
e) Regenerated Fibres
f) Synthetic Fibres
g) Mineral Fibres
h) Surgical Dressing
i) Sutures
j) Absorbable Suture
k) Non Absorbable Suture
26. Marine Drugs
a) Classification
b) Antimicrobial Compounds
c) Antibiotic Compounds
d) Anti-Inflammatory and Antispasmodic Agents
e) Others
f) Miscellaneous Compounds
27. World Wide Trade in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Derived Products
a) Introduction
b) Resources and Distribution
c) Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MAPS): Benefits and Challenges
d) Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MAPS): Uses and Value-Added
e) Public And Private Sector Research And Development Capability: Boosting Quality Of Plant Derived Medicines
f) International Trade In Medicinal Plants
g) Emerging Economic Benefits
28. Appendix
a) Chemical Tests for Plant Constituents
29. List of Crude Drugs
30. Glossary
31. References
32. Subject Index